WPC' `{T u=RجL̘$_$}HnV,ʺEP#iBW*(܏u'&,x Ш 9H@7BYΖSwb+.G1$Ĉ)!oS5 gJf& 6MF~&-WYhc ?ddz};5Rr% ҡ3*(HHKlNu¡iA`s (9z p/me;0"ZX1,׷MY/l_hw].d& lW|NX2(`o!\w7'D(:gK}gScǾ"V=]hy)`_&m *j6,g5|ͪD'{\ 7{"\KYh1=4Ai|ʑ6JM% W 觡8#U[N % 0Y% 0~ 0l 0W 0? 0$ 0 0 0 0 0p 0L 0% 0 0 0 0k 05 0 0 0 0s 0H 0 0 0 0~ 0D^ w4+: m< 0cS 1u 72+ 0w] 0 0^ 0 0! 0y" 0T# 0DC$ 1% 72&NB& 1D& 72& 1& 72'Canon MultiPASS C3500 Printer,,,,0(  Z6Times New Roman RegularX(1$$XXUSUS.,2G+J 0_level1  X /%4 4 <DL/23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  2D+J 0_level2   ," <DL,23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  2A+J 0_level3   ) <DL)23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  2>+J 0_level4  ` &<<DL&23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  2;+J 0_level5   #DL#23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  28+J 0_level6    DL 23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  25+J 0_level7  h DDL23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  22+J 0_level8   L23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  2/+J 0_level9    L23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  2GJ 0_levsl1  X /%4 4 <DL/23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  2DJ 0_levsl2   ," <DL,23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  2AJ 0_levsl3   ) <DL)23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  2>J 0_levsl4  ` &<<DL&23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  2;J 0_levsl5   #DL#23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  28J 0_levsl6    DL 23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  25J 0_levsl7  h DDL23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  22J 0_levsl8   L23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  2/J 0_levsl9    L23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  2GJ 0_levnl1  X /%4 4 <DL/23   2( 4 <DL2  2DJ 0_levnl2   ," <DL,23   2( 4 <DL2  2AJ 0_levnl3   ) <DL)23   2( 4 <DL2  2>J 0_levnl4  ` &<<DL&23   2( 4 <DL2  2;J 0_levnl5   #DL#23   2( 4 <DL2  28J 0_levnl6    DL 23   2( 4 <DL2  25J 0_levnl7  h DDL23   2( 4 <DL2  22J 0_levnl8   L23   2( 4 <DL2  2/J 0_levnl9    L23   2( 4 <DL2  ӵ39,L 8,wpp-3|xU(;3$2#  0  .3  0  3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)'i)(O;$0  2#  a  .3  0` (#(#(b$0  0` (#(#2#   .3  0 ` (#` (#(xir$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#2#(  0  )3  0 (# (#($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#2#(  a  )3  0h(#(#(F$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#2#(   )3  0h(#h(#($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#2#  0  )3  0(#(#({$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#2#  a  )3  0p(#(#(F$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#0p(#(#2#     )3  0p(#p(# &)*+,-./xGaeimquy}Bullet ListBullets List10&)*+,-./xV@CEIMQUY]aAutoList1llllllll1)a)40l&)*+,-./xCcgkosw{TrianglesTriangle Bullet60 !!XXUSUS.,  _  Zl!MEMORANDUMOFPOINTSANDAUTHORITIES  #!Zl#RC!#!RC#,,.UUxUUxUU,&,&. &q%!1.Arrestispresumedtobefalse; b officerhastheburdenofproof  7   #!%&q#RC!#!RCM#Theonlythingtheplaintiffneedstopleadand Y toproveiseither(1)thatthedefendantmade  anarrestorimprisonment,or(2)thatthe o defendantaffirmativelyinstigated,encouraged, 4 incited,orcausedthearrestorimprisonment. m  Burlingtonv._Josephson_,153Fed.2d372,276 2  (1946).   RC!#!RC`#Whentheplaintiffhasshownthathewas   arrested,imprisonedorrestrainedofhisliberty Z  bythedefendant,"thelawpresumesittobe   unlawful."Peoplev._McGrew_,20Pac.92  X  (1888);Knightv.Baker,133P.544(1926).    RC!#!RC#"Theburdenisuponthedefendanttoshow  /  thatthearrestwasbyauthorityoflaw."   _McAleer_Ԁv.Good,65Atl.934,935(1907); E _Mackie_Ԁv.Ambassador,11P.2d6(1932).  ~ RC!#!RC#"Anyarrestmadewithoutawarrant,if  challengedbythedefendant,ispresumptively U invalid...theburdenisuponthestate"tojustify  itasauthorizedbystatute,andasnot_violative_ k ofconstitutionalprovisions.Statev._Mastrian_, 0 171N.W.2d695(1969);Butlerv.State,212 i So.2d577(Miss1968) . RC!#!RC #"Asinthecaseofillegalarrests,theofficer... @  mustkeepwithinthelawathisperil."_Thiede_ ! v._Scandia_,217Minn.231,14N.W.2d400 V" (1944). # ,,!#!,,K #&q%!   2.Mustshowwarrantuponrequest  T%   #!%&q #RC!#!RC% #"Hemustshowittotheaccused,ifrequested v' todoso."Smithv.State,208S.2d747 ;( (Miss.,1968). t) RC!#!RC #"Ifdemanded,hemustproducethewarrant + andreadittotheaccused,thathemayknow K, bywhatauthorityandforwhatcauseheis - deprivedofhisliberty."Statev.Shaw,89_S.E._ a . 322(1916). &! / RC!#!RC#"Anaccusedperson,ifhedemandsit,is 8"!1 entitledtohavethewarrantforhisarrest "q"2 showntohimatthetimeofarrest."42_L.R.A._ #6#3 682,51_L.R.A._Ԁ211,_Crosswhite_Ԁv.Barnes,124 $#4 _S.E._Ԁ242,245(1924). L%$5 RC!#!RC#"Aspecialdeputyisboundtoshowhiswarrant ^&%7 ifrequestedtodoso,andifheomit,theparty #'&8 againstwhomthewarrantismayresistan '\'9 arrest,andthewarrantundersuch (!(: circumstancesisnoprotectionagainstan r)(; actionforanassault,batteryandfalse 7*)< imprisonment."Frostv.Thomas,24Wendell's *p*= Rep.(N.Y.)418,419(1840). +5+> RC!#!RC# Itisdoubtlessthedutyofanofficerwho ,G,@ executesawarrantofarresttostatethenature - -A andsubstanceoftheprocesswhichgiveshim bA theauthorityheprofessestoexercise,and,ifit 'B isdemanded,toexhibithiswarrant,thatthe xC partyarrestedmayhavenoexcusefor =D resistance._Shovlon_Ԁv.Com.,106Pa.369,5 vE Am._Crim_.Rep.41(1884) ;F RC!#!RCM# Itwasthedutyofanofficerwhoattemptsto MH makeanarresttoexhibitthewarrantifhehas I one.Jonesv.State,114Ga.79,39_S.E._Ԁ861 cJ (1901) ( K ,,!#!,,#&q%!   3.Warrantmustbevalid  a M   #!%&q#RC!#!RCr#Aconstablejustifyinganimprisonmentundera  O warrantmustshowthatthewarrantonitsface H P islegal,andthatthemagistratehadjurisdiction  Q ofthesubjectmatter.51_L.R.A._Ԁ197,_Poulk_Ԁv.  F R Slocum,3_Blackfords_Ԁ(Ind).421.  S RC!#!RC`#Awarrantisregardedasinsufficientandthus U voidif,onitsface,itfailstostatefacts nV sufficienttoconstituteacrime.Whartons 3W _Crim_.Proc.,12thEd.,vol.1,p.152(1974). lX ,,!#!,,#&q%!   4.Norubberstamp signature  1Z   #!%&q#RC!#!RC# TheUnitedStatesSupremeCourt...stressed S\ theneedforindividualizedreviewtoavoid ] theissuanceofrubberstampwarrants. Q^ Statev._Paulick_,277Minn.140,151N.W.2d _ 596(1967). g` ,,!#!,,U#&q%!   5.Falsearrestisassaultandbattery  b   #!%&q#RC!#!RC3#"Anillegalarrestisanassaultandbattery.The 6d personsoattemptedtoberestrainedofhis e libertyhasthesameright,andonlythesame Lf right,touseforceindefendinghimselfashe g wouldhaveinrepellinganyotherassaultand Jh battery.Statev.Robinson,72Atl.2d262 i (1950). `j RC!#!RC) #"Anarrestwithoutwarrantisatrespass,an rl unlawfulassaultupontheperson...whereone 7 m isabouttobeunlawfullydeprivedofhisliberty  p n hemayresisttheaggressionsoftheoffender, !5!o whetherofaprivatecitizenorapublicofficer, "!p totheextentoftakingthelifeoftheassailant, K#"q ifthatbenecessarytopreservehisownlife,or $#r preventinflictionuponhimofsomegreat $I$s bodilyharm.Statev.Gum,69_S.E._Ԁ464 %%t (1910). _&%u RC!#!RC ##Everypersonhastherighttoresistanunlawful q'&w arrest...and,inpreventingsuchillegal 6('x restraintofhisliberty,hemayusesuchforce (o(y asmaybenecessary.Columbusv.Holmes, )4)z 152N.E.2d306(1958). *){ ,,!#!,,$#&q%!   6.Nohandcuffs(sorry,OSHA)  +2+}   #!%&q$#RC!#!RC_%# Butaconstablecannotjustifyhandcuffinga ,T, prisonerunlesshehasattemptedtoescape,or -- unlessitbenecessaryinordertopreventhis b doingso.51_L.R.A._Ԁ216. ' RC!#!RC&# Thehandcuffingwasutterlyunlawful. 9 _Osborn_Ԁv._Veitch_1Foster&FinEngRep317.  ,,!#!,,'#&q%!   7.Goimmediatelytomagistrate(no 7 photographs,nofingerprinting)      #!%&q(#RC!#!RC(#Theonearrestinghas adutytoimmediately . seekamagistrate,andfailuretodoso makes  acaseoffalseimprisonment.Heathv.Boyd, D  175S.W.2d.217(1943);Brockv._Stimson_,  }  108Mass.520(1871).  B  RC!#!RC*#"Todetainthepersonarrestedincustodyfor  T  anypurposeotherthanthatoftakinghim    beforeamagistrateisillegal._Kominsky_Ԁv. j  _Durand_,12Atl.2d.654(1940). /  RC!#!RC,#"Anyunduedelayisunlawfuland_wongful_,and A renderstheofficerhimselfandallpersons z aidingandabettingthereinwrongdoersfrom ? thebeginning._Ulvestad_Ԁv.Dolphin,278Pac.  684(1929). U RC!#!RC-#"Thetakingoftheplaintiffspicturebefore g convictionwasanillegalact.Hawkinsv. , _Kuhne_,137NYSupp1090,153AppDiv216 e (1912). * RC!#!RC/#"Thepowertoarrestdoesnotconferuponthe < arrestingofficerthepowertodetainaprisoner  forotherpurposes._Geldon_Ԁv._Finnegan_,252 R _N.W._Ԁ372(1934).  RC!#!RC0#"Compulsoryfingerprintingbeforeconviction ) isanunlawfulencroachment...[and]involves b prohibitedcompulsoryselfincrimination. ' Peoplev._Helvern_,215N.Y.Supp.417(1926) x ,,!#!,, 2#&q%!   Summary  %   #!%&qL2#RC!#!RC2#Awarrantmustbeissuedandsigned(no G rubberstamp)byajudgewhohasjurisdiction.   Itmuststatethefactsshowingjurisdiction. ]  Itmustbebaseduponprobablecause. "!  Itmustnametheoffensecommitted. ![! Itmustcontainanaffidavit(underoath)bythe " " accuser,statingfactsconstitutingacrime. q#" Itmustnamethepersontobearrested,or 6$# describehimsufficientlytoidentifyhim. $o$ Youmustshowmethewarrantandthe %4% affidavituponrequest. &% Nohandcuffs. J'& Youmusttakemeimmediatelybeforea (' magistrate,andholdmefornootherpurpose (H( (nophotographs,nofingerprinting). ) ) Youareresponsibleforeverythingthat ^*) happenstomeevenifyourelinquishcustody. #+* Unlawfularrestisassault,battery&trespass. +\+ Thereisnoimmunityinafalsearrestcase. ,!, Goodfaithisnotadefense. r-, ;,&,&UUxUUxUU,[ ^;  X@X!Thisinformationisfreeprovidedyougivecreditto_www.paperadvantage.org#!XX@q8#_